2026 金管局英语阅读 · 词汇 → 句型 → 原文译文
顺序说明：先看本篇词汇（含 20 道题干与选项中的词），再看句型句式，最后读原文译文；题目与答案随每篇放在译文之后 词汇口径：4 篇原文＋20 题的实词去重，按篇内出现次数降序，共 696 个；虚词（the/of/to 等）不列 配套：全量词表
词汇表-全量释义.md｜总索引00-总索引.md
一、本篇词汇（696 个）
| 词 | 次数 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| ink | 22 | 墨水 |
| people | 14 | 人们 |
| computer | 13 | 计算机 |
| twins | 10 | 双胞胎（复数） |
| investment | 9 | 投资 |
| much | 9 | 许多；很 |
| behavior | 8 | 行为 |
| fit | 8 | 健康 |
| life | 7 | 生活；生命 |
| physical | 7 | 身体的；物理的 |
| traditional | 7 | 传统的 |
| enough | 6 | 足够的 |
| friend | 6 | 朋友 |
| genes | 6 | 基因（复数） |
| sticks | 6 | 棍；墨锭（复数） |
| way | 6 | 方式；道路 |
| become | 5 | 变成 |
| black | 5 | 黑的；（in the black）盈利 |
| carbon | 5 | 碳 |
| examinations | 5 | 科举考试（复数） |
| exercise | 5 | 锻炼；行使 |
| experiences | 5 | 经历（复数） |
| grinding | 5 | 研磨 |
| half | 5 | 一半 |
| imperial | 5 | 帝国的；科举的 |
| keep | 5 | 保持 |
| liquid | 5 | 液体 |
| machine | 5 | 机器 |
| one | 5 | 一个；一 |
| time | 5 | 时间；次数 |
| variations | 5 | 差异（复数） |
| work | 5 | 工作；起作用 |
| xie | 5 | 谢（姓氏） |
| authors | 4 | 作者（复数） |
| day | 4 | 天；日子 |
| dynasty | 4 | 朝代 |
| environmental | 4 | 环境的 |
| every | 4 | 每一个 |
| factors | 4 | 因素（复数） |
| friendships | 4 | 友谊（复数） |
| health | 4 | 健康 |
| humans | 4 | 人类 |
| industrial | 4 | 工业的 |
| made | 4 | 制造（make 过去式） |
| personality | 4 | 个性 |
| study | 4 | 研究；学习 |
| use | 4 | 使用 |
| user | 4 | 用户 |
| years | 4 | 年（复数） |
| yidege | 4 | 一得阁 |
| according | 3 | 根据（according to） |
| ago | 3 | 以前 |
| always | 3 | 总是 |
| calories | 3 | 卡路里（复数） |
| data | 3 | 数据 |
| deaths | 3 | 死亡（复数） |
| develop | 3 | 发展 |
| developing | 3 | 发展（动名词） |
| energy-balance | 3 | 能量平衡 |
| equation | 3 | 等式 |
| explain | 3 | 解释 |
| food | 3 | 食物 |
| found | 3 | 发现（find 过去式）；建立 |
| genetic | 3 | 基因的 |
| heart | 3 | 心脏；核心 |
| influences | 3 | 影响（复数） |
| investing | 3 | 投资（动名词） |
| investors | 3 | 投资者（复数） |
| keeping | 3 | 保持（keeping fit） |
| know | 3 | 知道 |
| led | 3 | 导致（lead 过去式） |
| maintain | 3 | 维持 |
| make | 3 | 使；制造 |
| many | 3 | 许多 |
| natural | 3 | 自然的 |
| old | 3 | 老的；旧的 |
| passage | 3 | 文章 |
| practice | 3 | 做法；练习 |
| quality | 3 | 质量 |
| replaced | 3 | 取代（replace 过去式） |
| since | 3 | 自从；因为 |
| soot | 3 | 烟灰 |
| subtle | 3 | 微妙的 |
| take | 3 | 拿；花费；采取 |
| tools | 3 | 工具（复数） |
| twin | 3 | 双胞胎之一 |
| unpredictable | 3 | 不可预知的 |
| using | 3 | 使用（动名词） |
| working | 3 | 工作（动名词） |
| account | 2 | 账户；解释 |
| act | 2 | 行动；法案；表演 |
| activity | 2 | 活动 |
| alternatives | 2 | 替代方案（复数） |
| another | 2 | 另一个 |
| author | 2 | 作者 |
| behave | 2 | 表现 |
| calligraphy | 2 | 书法 |
| came | 2 | 来（come 过去式） |
| cancers | 2 | 癌症（复数） |
| childhood | 2 | 童年 |
| chinese | 2 | 中国的 |
| companion | 2 | 伴侣 |
| daily | 2 | 日常的 |
| decade | 2 | 十年 |
| decisions | 2 | 决定（复数） |
| developed | 2 | 发达的；开发的 |
| didn't | 2 | 没有（did not） |
| different | 2 | 不同的 |
| directly | 2 | 直接地 |
| documented | 2 | 记载（过去分词） |
| economists | 2 | 经济学家（复数） |
| evolved | 2 | 演变（过去式） |
| example | 2 | 例子 |
| focused | 2 | 关注（过去式） |
| function | 2 | 功能；运作 |
| hands-on | 2 | 手把手的 |
| help | 2 | 帮助 |
| hesitant | 2 | 迟疑的 |
| hong | 2 | 香港（Hong Kong） |
| ideal | 2 | 理想的 |
| impact | 2 | 影响 |
| inactivity | 2 | 缺乏活动 |
| inconvenience | 2 | 不便 |
| individual | 2 | 个人的 |
| influence | 2 | 影响 |
| information | 2 | 信息 |
| interesting | 2 | 有趣的 |
| intimate | 2 | 亲密的 |
| invention | 2 | 发明 |
| irrational | 2 | 非理性的 |
| issue | 2 | 问题；议题 |
| kind | 2 | 种类 |
| kong | 2 | 香港（Kong） |
| labor | 2 | 劳动力 |
| lack | 2 | 缺乏 |
| lacquer | 2 | 漆 |
| likely | 2 | 可能的 |
| line | 2 | 线；行 |
| manufacturers | 2 | 制造商（复数） |
| materials | 2 | 材料（复数） |
| methods | 2 | 方法（复数） |
| million | 2 | 百万 |
| modern | 2 | 现代的 |
| never | 2 | 从不 |
| obese | 2 | 肥胖的 |
| obesity | 2 | 肥胖 |
| painters | 2 | 画家（复数） |
| pairs | 2 | 对（复数） |
| para | 2 | 段落（paragraph 缩写） |
| past | 2 | 过去的；过去 |
| paste | 2 | 膏 |
| period | 2 | 时期 |
| pills | 2 | 丸（复数） |
| pine | 2 | 松 |
| play | 2 | 玩；起作用 |
| portfolios | 2 | 投资组合（复数） |
| power | 2 | 权力；力量 |
| preparation | 2 | 准备 |
| pressure | 2 | 压力 |
| produce | 2 | 生产；产生 |
| production | 2 | 生产 |
| professionals | 2 | 专业人士（复数） |
| qin | 2 | 秦 |
| qing | 2 | 清 |
| quarter | 2 | 四分之一 |
| rationally | 2 | 理性地 |
| received | 2 | 受到（过去分词） |
| recent | 2 | 最近的 |
| reluctant | 2 | 不情愿的 |
| replacement | 2 | 替代 |
| required | 2 | 要求的 |
| results | 2 | 结果（复数） |
| right | 2 | 权利（Divine Right） |
| role | 2 | 角色 |
| schooling | 2 | 上学 |
| share | 2 | 分享；份额 |
| shares | 2 | 股票（复数） |
| showed | 2 | 显示（过去式） |
| side | 2 | 一边；方面 |
| similar | 2 | 相似的 |
| songdai | 2 | 崧岱（人名） |
| standards | 2 | 标准（复数） |
| stationery | 2 | 文具 |
| student | 2 | 学生 |
| style | 2 | 风格 |
| test | 2 | 测试；检验 |
| trade | 2 | 贸易；交易 |
| two | 2 | 二 |
| understanding | 2 | 理解 |
| until | 2 | 直到 |
| used | 2 | 使用（use 过去式）；习惯于 |
| wasn't | 2 | 不是 |
| ways | 2 | 方式（复数） |
| wei | 2 | 魏（姓氏） |
| well | 2 | 好；很好地 |
| world | 2 | 世界 |
| worry | 2 | 担心 |
| year | 2 | 年 |
| abandoning | 1 | 放弃（动名词） |
| accept | 1 | 接受 |
| acceptable | 1 | 可接受的 |
| accepted | 1 | 被接受的 |
| across | 1 | 横跨；遍及 |
| acts | 1 | 法案（复数）；行为 |
| add | 1 | 加入 |
| addition | 1 | 此外（in addition） |
| address | 1 | 解决 |
| adhered | 1 | 坚持（过去式） |
| admit | 1 | 承认 |
| adopted | 1 | 采用（过去分词） |
| adults | 1 | 成年人（复数） |
| affect | 1 | 影响 |
| affection | 1 | 感情 |
| affects | 1 | 影响（第三人称单数） |
| age | 1 | 年龄；时代 |
| age-old | 1 | 古老的 |
| almost | 1 | 几乎 |
| altogether | 1 | 完全 |
| america | 1 | 美国；美洲 |
| among | 1 | 在……之中 |
| ancient | 1 | 古代的 |
| anxiety | 1 | 焦虑 |
| appropriate | 1 | 适当的 |
| arizona | 1 | 亚利桑那 |
| arrived | 1 | 出现（过去式） |
| artificial | 1 | 人工的 |
| artists | 1 | 艺术家（复数） |
| assist | 1 | 有助于 |
| assumption | 1 | 假定 |
| attachment | 1 | 依恋 |
| attack | 1 | 攻击 |
| attempts | 1 | 试图（复数） |
| attention | 1 | 注意力 |
| attitude | 1 | 态度 |
| attractive | 1 | 有吸引力的 |
| authority | 1 | 权力；机构 |
| automated | 1 | 自动化的 |
| avoid | 1 | 避免 |
| away | 1 | 离开 |
| barely | 1 | 几乎不 |
| becomes | 1 | 变得（第三人称单数） |
| began | 1 | 开始（begin 过去式） |
| begin | 1 | 开始 |
| behaviors | 1 | 行为（复数） |
| behaviour | 1 | 行为 |
| beijing | 1 | 北京 |
| belongs | 1 | 属于（第三人称单数） |
| benefits | 1 | 好处（复数） |
| bias | 1 | 偏好 |
| biases | 1 | 偏见（复数） |
| big | 1 | 大的 |
| birth | 1 | 出生 |
| blame | 1 | 责任 |
| blood | 1 | 血压（blood pressure） |
| bodies | 1 | 身体（复数） |
| born | 1 | 天生（born to） |
| brand | 1 | 品牌 |
| breathing | 1 | 呼吸 |
| builders | 1 | 建筑工人（复数） |
| burning | 1 | 燃烧（动名词） |
| business | 1 | 商业；生意 |
| buy | 1 | 买 |
| buying | 1 | 购买（动名词） |
| bygone | 1 | 过去的 |
| calculate | 1 | 计算 |
| calculated | 1 | 计算（过去式） |
| calculating | 1 | 计算（动名词） |
| calligraphers | 1 | 书法家（复数） |
| cannot | 1 | 不能 |
| capacities | 1 | 肺活量（复数） |
| carbs | 1 | 碳水（复数） |
| carey | 1 | 凯里（人名） |
| carried | 1 | 延续（过去分词） |
| centuries | 1 | 世纪（复数） |
| certain | 1 | 某些；确定的 |
| certainly | 1 | 当然 |
| change | 1 | 变化；改变 |
| changed | 1 | 改变（过去式） |
| changes | 1 | 变化（复数） |
| changing | 1 | 变化的 |
| character | 1 | 性格；人物 |
| characterized | 1 | 以……为特征 |
| cheap | 1 | 便宜的 |
| cheaper | 1 | 更便宜的 |
| checked | 1 | 检查（过去式） |
| china | 1 | 中国 |
| church | 1 | 丘奇（姓氏） |
| cities | 1 | 城市（复数） |
| citizens | 1 | 公民（复数） |
| city | 1 | 城市 |
| claremont | 1 | 克莱蒙特 |
| closer | 1 | 更近的 |
| coastal | 1 | 沿海的 |
| cognitive | 1 | 认知的 |
| collapse | 1 | 崩溃 |
| college | 1 | 学院 |
| come | 1 | 来 |
| comfortable | 1 | 舒适的 |
| committed | 1 | 致力于的 |
| common | 1 | 共同的；常见的 |
| complete | 1 | 完全的；完成 |
| comprehensive | 1 | 全面的 |
| computer's | 1 | 计算机的 |
| considerations | 1 | 考虑（复数） |
| consistent | 1 | 一致的 |
| consistently | 1 | 始终 |
| consuming | 1 | 消耗（动名词） |
| contact | 1 | 接触 |
| container | 1 | 集装箱 |
| continue | 1 | 继续 |
| controlling | 1 | 控制（动名词） |
| conversational | 1 | 对话的 |
| conversations | 1 | 对话（复数） |
| cooking | 1 | 做饭（动名词） |
| cost | 1 | 成本；花费 |
| country | 1 | 国家；乡村 |
| country's | 1 | 该国的 |
| craftsmen | 1 | 工匠（复数） |
| create | 1 | 创造 |
| critical | 1 | 关键的；批评的 |
| cronqvist | 1 | 克朗奎斯特（姓氏） |
| dainty | 1 | 优雅的 |
| dawn | 1 | 黎明 |
| decades | 1 | 几十年（复数） |
| depression | 1 | 抑郁 |
| desks | 1 | 案头（复数） |
| despite | 1 | 尽管 |
| determining | 1 | 决定（动名词） |
| dimensions | 1 | 维度（复数） |
| discard | 1 | 抛掉 |
| discussions | 1 | 讨论（复数） |
| disease | 1 | 疾病 |
| distinguishes | 1 | 使区别于（第三人称单数） |
| diversify | 1 | 分散（投资） |
| doing | 1 | 做（动名词） |
| don't | 1 | 不 |
| dr | 1 | 博士（Dr.） |
| driving | 1 | 推动（动名词） |
| drove | 1 | 驱使（drive 过去式） |
| due | 1 | 到期的；由于 |
| dusk | 1 | 黄昏 |
| earlier | 1 | 更早的 |
| easy | 1 | 容易的 |
| eat | 1 | 吃 |
| eating | 1 | 吃（动名词） |
| economic | 1 | 经济的 |
| effect | 1 | 影响；效果 |
| effectiveness | 1 | 有效性 |
| either | 1 | 也（否定） |
| emerged | 1 | 出现（过去式） |
| emphasized | 1 | 强调（过去式） |
| encounter | 1 | 接触 |
| endorsement | 1 | 背书 |
| enhancing | 1 | 丰富（动名词） |
| enjoyable | 1 | 令人愉快的 |
| epidemics | 1 | 流行病（复数） |
| equal | 1 | 等于 |
| equation-calories | 1 | （排版粘连）equation — calories |
| era | 1 | 时代 |
| errors | 1 | 失败（复数） |
| establish | 1 | 创办 |
| estimates | 1 | 估计（复数） |
| everything | 1 | 一切 |
| examination | 1 | 考试；检查 |
| examine | 1 | 审视；检查 |
| examined | 1 | 考察（过去式） |
| except | 1 | 除……之外 |
| exclusive | 1 | 排他的 |
| exclusively | 1 | 只 |
| existed | 1 | 存在（过去式） |
| experiencing | 1 | 经历（动名词） |
| exploring | 1 | 探索（动名词） |
| express | 1 | 表达 |
| extremely | 1 | 极其 |
| familiar | 1 | 熟悉的 |
| familiarity | 1 | 熟悉 |
| far | 1 | 远的；远 |
| farms | 1 | 农场（复数） |
| fat | 1 | 脂肪 |
| favourable | 1 | 赞成的 |
| feature | 1 | 特点 |
| features | 1 | 特征（复数） |
| feel | 1 | 感觉 |
| felt | 1 | 感到（过去式） |
| finally | 1 | 最后 |
| financial | 1 | 财政的；金融的 |
| find | 1 | 发现；找到 |
| first | 1 | 第一；首先 |
| five | 1 | 五 |
| focus | 1 | 聚焦；焦点 |
| focusing | 1 | 聚焦（动名词） |
| form | 1 | 形式；表格 |
| fourth | 1 | 第四 |
| fraternal | 1 | 异卵的 |
| friendly | 1 | 友好的 |
| friendship | 1 | 友谊 |
| generation | 1 | 一代 |
| get | 1 | 得到；变得 |
| getting | 1 | 得到（动名词） |
| giving | 1 | 给予（动名词） |
| glue | 1 | 胶 |
| good | 1 | 好的；利益 |
| good-humored | 1 | 脾气好的 |
| government | 1 | 政府 |
| governs | 1 | 决定（第三人称单数） |
| gradual | 1 | 渐进的 |
| grave | 1 | 严重的 |
| guangyao | 1 | 光耀（人名） |
| heard | 1 | 听到（hear 过去式） |
| henrik | 1 | 亨里克（人名） |
| herding | 1 | 放牧（动名词） |
| historians | 1 | 史家（复数） |
| home | 1 | 家；住宅 |
| hours | 1 | 小时（复数） |
| hypertension | 1 | 高血压 |
| idea | 1 | 主旨；想法 |
| identical | 1 | 同卵的；完全相同的 |
| illuminates | 1 | 揭示（第三人称单数） |
| imitated | 1 | 模仿（过去式） |
| immediately | 1 | 立即 |
| imply | 1 | 意味着 |
| importance | 1 | 重要性 |
| impression | 1 | 印象 |
| impressive | 1 | 令人印象深刻的 |
| inborn | 1 | 先天的 |
| indeed | 1 | 确实 |
| indicators | 1 | 信号（复数） |
| indispensable | 1 | 不可或缺的 |
| individuals | 1 | 个人（复数） |
| ineffective | 1 | 无效的 |
| informal | 1 | 非正式的 |
| ingredient | 1 | 成分 |
| inheritors | 1 | 传人（复数） |
| initiative | 1 | 主动（take the initiative） |
| innovation | 1 | 创新 |
| instructions | 1 | 指导（复数） |
| instrument | 1 | 工具；金融工具 |
| intake | 1 | 摄入 |
| interaction | 1 | 交流 |
| interpersonal | 1 | 人际的 |
| intimacy | 1 | 亲密 |
| invest | 1 | 投资 |
| investigated | 1 | 调查（过去式） |
| irritation | 1 | 反感 |
| joined | 1 | 加入（过去式） |
| kept | 1 | 保存（过去式） |
| key | 1 | 关键的；钥匙 |
| kinds | 1 | 种类（复数） |
| large | 1 | 大的 |
| last | 1 | 最后的；持续 |
| lead | 1 | 领先；引导 |
| left | 1 | 离开（leave 过去式）；左边 |
| leisure | 1 | 闲暇 |
| leisurely | 1 | 悠闲的 |
| less | 1 | 更少 |
| lifestyle | 1 | 生活方式 |
| like | 1 | 像；喜欢 |
| limitations | 1 | 局限（复数） |
| limited | 1 | 有限的 |
| lines | 1 | 台词；线路（复数） |
| linked | 1 | 关联的 |
| literally | 1 | 字面上；简直 |
| lively | 1 | 活泼的 |
| living | 1 | 居住（动名词） |
| loading | 1 | 装（动名词） |
| look | 1 | 看；显得 |
| looked | 1 | 看（look 过去式） |
| looks | 1 | 看（第三人称单数） |
| lots | 1 | 大量 |
| machine-manufactured | 1 | 机器制造的 |
| machine-the | 1 | （the ideal companion machine—the computer 的粘连） |
| machines | 1 | 机器（复数） |
| main | 1 | 主要的 |
| maintaining | 1 | 维护（动名词） |
| makes | 1 | 使；制造（第三人称单数） |
| manner | 1 | 方式 |
| manufacturing | 1 | 制造业 |
| market | 1 | 市场 |
| marrying | 1 | 结婚（动名词） |
| master | 1 | 掌握；大师 |
| masters | 1 | 油印母版（复数） |
| mckenna | 1 | 麦肯纳 |
| mean | 1 | 意味着；吝啬的 |
| means | 1 | 手段；意味着 |
| memories | 1 | 记忆（复数） |
| men | 1 | 男人（复数） |
| misunderstood | 1 | 误解（过去式） |
| mixing | 1 | 混合（动名词） |
| moderate | 1 | 缓和的；适度的 |
| moving | 1 | 运动（动名词） |
| mowing | 1 | 割草（动名词） |
| muscles | 1 | 肌肉（复数） |
| nails | 1 | 钉子（复数） |
| nowadays | 1 | 如今 |
| numerous | 1 | 无数次 |
| nutritious | 1 | 有营养的 |
| obtain | 1 | 获得 |
| occur | 1 | 发生 |
| often | 1 | 经常 |
| older | 1 | 年长的 |
| ones | 1 | 那些（代词） |
| opinions | 1 | 观点（复数） |
| order | 1 | 顺序；命令；秩序 |
| organization | 1 | 组织 |
| out-seriously | 1 | （排版粘连）out；seriously out of order |
| output | 1 | 产出 |
| over-familiarity | 1 | 过分熟稔 |
| overcome | 1 | 克服 |
| paid | 1 | 支付（pay 过去式/过去分词） |
| painting | 1 | 绘画 |
| pair | 1 | 一对 |
| pairs-as | 1 | （排版粘连）pairs — as much as |
| paragraph | 1 | 段落 |
| part | 1 | 部分 |
| partially | 1 | 部分地 |
| participant | 1 | 参与者 |
| participate | 1 | 参与 |
| particularly | 1 | 尤其 |
| partner | 1 | 伙伴 |
| passive | 1 | 被动的 |
| passively | 1 | 被动地 |
| percentage | 1 | 百分比 |
| performance | 1 | 业绩；表现 |
| person | 1 | 人 |
| persuade | 1 | 说服 |
| phrase | 1 | 短语 |
| place | 1 | 地方；放置 |
| pleasant | 1 | 令人愉快的 |
| plenty | 1 | 大量 |
| popular | 1 | 流行的；受欢迎的 |
| population | 1 | 人口 |
| possible | 1 | 可能的 |
| powerful | 1 | 强大的 |
| precisely | 1 | 精确地 |
| preference | 1 | 偏好 |
| preindustrial | 1 | 前工业的 |
| preserving | 1 | 守护（动名词） |
| press | 1 | 出版社；新闻界 |
| pressures | 1 | 压力（复数） |
| preventing | 1 | 预防（动名词） |
| previous | 1 | 先前的 |
| price | 1 | 价格 |
| primarily | 1 | 主要地 |
| problem | 1 | 问题 |
| process | 1 | 过程 |
| processes | 1 | 流程（复数） |
| produces | 1 | 生产（第三人称单数） |
| product | 1 | 产品 |
| products | 1 | 产品（复数） |
| professional | 1 | 专业的 |
| progress | 1 | 进步 |
| promoted | 1 | 推广（过去式） |
| proper | 1 | 正常的 |
| protect | 1 | 保护 |
| prove | 1 | 证明 |
| provide | 1 | 提供 |
| quality-control | 1 | 质量控制的 |
| quick | 1 | 迅速的 |
| railroad | 1 | 铁路 |
| rare | 1 | 罕见 |
| rates | 1 | 比率；利率（复数） |
| rather | 1 | 相当；宁可 |
| ready-to-use | 1 | 即用的 |
| reaping | 1 | 收割（动名词） |
| receive | 1 | 收到 |
| records | 1 | 记录（复数） |
| reducing | 1 | 减少（动名词） |
| regard | 1 | 看待；尊重 |
| region | 1 | 地区 |
| registry | 1 | 登记处 |
| relationship | 1 | 关系 |
| relaxed | 1 | 放松的 |
| relieve | 1 | 缓解 |
| relying | 1 | 依赖（动名词） |
| remain | 1 | 保持；仍然 |
| remarks | 1 | 评论（第三人称单数） |
| reminded | 1 | 提醒（过去式） |
| replace | 1 | 取代 |
| requiring | 1 | 需要（动名词） |
| research | 1 | 研究 |
| response | 1 | 回应 |
| responsible | 1 | 负责的 |
| rest | 1 | 其余；休息 |
| restoring | 1 | 恢复（动名词） |
| revealed | 1 | 显露（过去分词） |
| rising | 1 | 上升的 |
| risk | 1 | 风险 |
| rival | 1 | 与……媲美 |
| sawed | 1 | 锯（过去式） |
| saying | 1 | 说法 |
| says | 1 | 说（第三人称单数） |
| scene | 1 | 舞台（on the scene） |
| school | 1 | 学校 |
| scrubbing | 1 | 擦洗（动名词） |
| seldom | 1 | 很少 |
| shape | 1 | 身材（in shape） |
| shared | 1 | 共享的 |
| ships | 1 | 船（复数） |
| show | 1 | 显示；展示 |
| siegel | 1 | 西格尔（姓氏） |
| sight | 1 | 景象（in sight） |
| significance | 1 | 意义 |
| significantly | 1 | 显著地 |
| simple | 1 | 简单的 |
| sizeable | 1 | 相当大比例的 |
| slightly | 1 | 略微 |
| smoke | 1 | 吸烟 |
| social | 1 | 社会的 |
| solid | 1 | 可靠的；坚实的 |
| somebody's | 1 | 某人的 |
| something | 1 | 某事 |
| sometimes | 1 | 有时 |
| somewhat | 1 | 有点 |
| songdai's | 1 | 崧岱的 |
| soon | 1 | 不久 |
| sound | 1 | 听起来；健全的 |
| sowing | 1 | 播种（动名词） |
| spend | 1 | 花费 |
| spouse | 1 | 配偶 |
| state | 1 | 州；国家；状态 |
| staying | 1 | 保持（动名词） |
| step | 1 | 一步 |
| stephan | 1 | 斯蒂芬（人名） |
| steps | 1 | 步骤（复数） |
| stevedores | 1 | 码头搬运工（复数） |
| stick | 1 | 坚持；粘 |
| stimulates | 1 | 激发（第三人称单数） |
| stocks | 1 | 股票（复数） |
| stones | 1 | 砚台（复数） |
| stood | 1 | 经受（stand 过去式） |
| strict | 1 | 严格的 |
| strong-shouldered | 1 | 肩膀结实的 |
| studies | 1 | 研究（复数） |
| stupid | 1 | 愚蠢的 |
| success | 1 | 成功 |
| successful | 1 | 成功的 |
| suggestions | 1 | 建议（复数） |
| suggests | 1 | 表明（第三人称单数） |
| superior | 1 | 优越的 |
| susceptible | 1 | 易受影响的 |
| sweat-drenched | 1 | 汗水浸透的 |
| swedish | 1 | 瑞典的 |
| switzerland | 1 | 瑞士 |
| takers | 1 | 考生（复数） |
| takes | 1 | 需要（第三人称单数） |
| taking | 1 | 采取（动名词） |
| tasks | 1 | 任务（复数） |
| taught | 1 | 教（teach 过去式） |
| tax | 1 | 税 |
| themselves | 1 | 他们自己 |
| things | 1 | 事情（复数） |
| think | 1 | 思考 |
| third | 1 | 第三 |
| thousands | 1 | 数千年 |
| throughout | 1 | 遍及 |
| tim | 1 | 蒂姆（人名） |
| time-honored | 1 | 老字号的 |
| times | 1 | 时代；次数 |
| topic | 1 | 话题 |
| toward | 1 | 朝向 |
| towards | 1 | 朝向 |
| tradition | 1 | 传统 |
| training | 1 | 训练 |
| transaction | 1 | 交易 |
| trials | 1 | 试验（复数） |
| type | 1 | 类型 |
| underperforming | 1 | 表现不佳的 |
| unique | 1 | 独特的 |
| university | 1 | 大学 |
| university's | 1 | 大学的 |
| unknown | 1 | 不熟悉的 |
| unloading | 1 | 卸（动名词） |
| unwise | 1 | 不明智的 |
| user's | 1 | 用户的 |
| vague | 1 | 含糊的 |
| various | 1 | 各种的 |
| venues | 1 | 考场（复数） |
| virtually | 1 | 几乎 |
| warmly | 1 | 热烈地 |
| washing | 1 | 洗衣（动名词） |
| we're | 1 | 我们是 |
| wealth | 1 | 财富 |
| well-timed | 1 | 时机恰当的 |
| whole | 1 | 整个的 |
| widespread | 1 | 广泛的 |
| women | 1 | 女人（复数） |
| wonders | 1 | 奇效（works wonders） |
| wood | 1 | 木头 |
| worked | 1 | 工作（过去式）；奏效 |
| workers | 1 | 工人（复数） |
| works | 1 | 作品（复数）；起作用 |
| world's | 1 | 世界的 |
| wp | 1 | WP（学院名） |
| writing | 1 | 写作 |
| year-ago | 1 | 一年前的 |
| yidge | 1 | （Yidege 的拼写）一得阁 |
二、本篇句型与固定表达
2.1 句型模板
| 结构 | 次数 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| as … as | 3 | 像……一样 |
| account for | 2 | 占；解释 |
| be reluctant to | 2 | 不愿 |
| it is … that（强调句） | 1 | 正是…… |
| more … than | 1 | 比……更 |
| so … that | 1 | 如此……以至于 |
| lead to | 1 | 导致 |
| rely on | 1 | 依赖 |
2.2 固定表达
| 短语 | 次数 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| rather than | 1 | 而不是 |
| in response to | 1 | 回应 |
| at most | 1 | 至多 |
三、原文与译文
篇一｜理想伴侣计算机（101–105）
原文 / 译文
¶1
The ideal companion machine — the computer — would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversational style makes interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.
译｜ 理想的伴侣机器——计算机——不仅看起来、摸起来、听起来友好，行为举止也会令人愉快。它非正式的对话风格让交流舒适，却又保留一点不可预知，因此非常有趣。初次接触时它可能有些迟疑，但随着对用户逐渐了解，它会变得更放松、更亲密。它不会是被动的参与者，而会加入自己的建议、信息和观点；有时还会主动展开或改变话题，并拥有自己的个性。
¶2
Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation.
译｜ 友谊不是一天建立的，如果计算机模仿人与人相识过程中那种渐进的变化，它作为朋友会更容易被接受。在适当的时候，它还可以表达那种激发依恋与亲密的感情。整个过程要以微妙的方式进行，避免给人过分熟稔的印象——那容易引起反感。
¶3
After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend. An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversations that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user's life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer's own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the computer might indeed become a very attractive social partner.
译｜ 在经历了大量有力且时机恰当的友谊信号之后，用户很可能会把计算机当作远不止一台机器，甚至把它视为朋友。这种人工关系能提供人们从人际友谊中获得的许多好处：计算机会参与有趣的对话，并能承接之前的讨论；它会熟悉早期接触中显露的用户生活，善解人意、脾气好；它自己的个性活泼而令人印象深刻，并会随用户个性而发展。具备这些特征，计算机或许真能成为极具吸引力的社交伙伴。
题目与答案
101. Which feature belongs to the computer as an ideal companion machine?
A. Cheap in price. B. Enjoyable in performance. C. Subtle in personality. D. Unpredictable in behaviour.
答案 B｜题型：细节·判断｜定位：¶1 “behave in a pleasant manner”｜陷阱：首句定义性特征是“举止愉快”，不是“不可预知”
102. What would the computer do according to Paragraph 1?
A. Passively receive information. B. Become intimate right away. C. Have its own personality. D. Know everything about the user.
答案 C｜题型：细节｜定位：¶1 末 “would have a personality of its own”｜陷阱：A 与 not passive 矛盾；B 与 hesitant 矛盾
103. What does the author imply by saying “Friendships are not made in a day”? (Line 1, Para. 2)
A. The computer can become a friend of humans soon. B. The computer will never be a friend of humans. C. It takes time for the computer to be accepted as a friend. D. It is possible that the computer becomes a friend of humans.
答案 C｜题型：句意（画线句）｜定位：¶2 “Friendships are not made in a day… gradual changes”｜陷阱：交朋友需要时间、渐进
104. The computer would develop friendships with humans in a(n) ________ way.
A. quick B. unpredictable C. subtle D. easy
答案 C｜题型：细节｜定位：¶2 “The whole process would be in a subtle way”｜陷阱：方式是微妙的
105. Throughout the passage, the author is ________ in his attitude toward the computer.
A. favourable B. critical C. vague D. hesitant
答案 A｜题型：态度｜定位：全文 friendly / pleasant / attractive｜陷阱：作者态度是赞成的
篇二｜能量平衡：吃动两端的失衡（106–110）
原文 / 译文
¶1
We didn't worry much about keeping fit 100 years ago. A sizeable percentage of the world's population was reaping and sowing, herding and mowing its way through life on preindustrial farms. In coastal cities, strong-shouldered stevedores were loading and unloading ships dawn to dusk without a container in sight. Builders and railroad workers drove nails or sawed wood using muscles, not power tools. And for those doing the washing, cooking and scrubbing at home, life wasn't so dainty either. In that bygone, sweat-drenched era, staying in shape just wasn't an issue. Working out? Never heard of it.
译｜ 一百年前，我们不太担心保持身材。世界上相当大比例的人口在前工业时代的农场上播种收割、放牧割草，以此度过一生。在沿海城市，肩膀结实的码头搬运工从早到晚装卸船只，连集装箱的影子都没有。建筑工人和铁路工人用肌肉、而非电动工具钉钉子、锯木头。在家洗衣、做饭、擦洗的人，日子也不那么优雅。在那个汗水浸透的逝去年代，保持身材根本不是问题。健身？闻所未闻。
¶2
Literally, the old energy-balance equation — calories in should equal calories out — is seriously out of order, as the rising rates of obesity in the developed world prove. For most of the past decade, health professionals and the popular press have focused on the intake side of the equation. We're eating too much fat, too many carbs, too much altogether. But the problem is just as grave on the output side. We are not burning enough calories or moving our bodies enough to maintain good health. “We have two epidemics in America. One is obesity, the other is physical inactivity,” remarks Dr. Tim Church.
译｜ 按字面说，那套古老的“能量平衡方程”——摄入的卡路里应等于消耗的卡路里——已严重失衡，发达国家不断上升的肥胖率就是证明。过去十年的大部分时间，健康专业人士和大众媒体都盯着方程的“摄入端”：我们吃了太多脂肪、太多碳水、整体吃得太多。但“消耗端”的问题同样严重：我们燃烧的卡路里不够，身体活动不足以维持健康。“美国有两种流行病：一种是肥胖，另一种是缺乏运动，”蒂姆·丘奇博士说。
¶3
How does exercise help us? To begin with, it works wonders for the heart: reducing the risk of heart disease and restoring function after a heart attack. In addition, it can help moderate blood pressure in people with hypertension, significantly relieve depression and anxiety, and maintain cognitive function in old age. Studies show that physical activity may also assist in preventing certain cancers.
译｜ 运动如何帮到我们？首先，它对心脏有奇效：降低心脏病风险，并在心脏病发作后恢复功能。此外，它有助于高血压患者控制血压，显著缓解抑郁和焦虑，在老年保持认知功能。研究还表明，身体活动可能有助于预防某些癌症。
¶4
The World Health Organization estimates that physical inactivity is responsible for 1.9 million deaths every year. In the U.S., a third of adults are obese, and a quarter of them admit that they spend virtually no leisure time on exercise. A recent study by the University of Hong Kong found that lack of physical activity was linked to one in five deaths in the city. Another study found working hours and lack of exercise left citizens of Hong Kong in their 20s and 30s with the breathing capacities of men and women years older.
译｜ 世界卫生组织估计，缺乏运动每年导致 190 万人死亡。在美国，三分之一成年人肥胖，其中四分之一承认自己几乎不花闲暇时间运动。香港大学近期一项研究发现，缺乏身体活动与该市五分之一的死亡有关。另一项研究发现，工作时间长加上缺乏运动，使香港二三十岁的市民只有年长许多岁的人那样的肺活量。
题目与答案
106. Why didn't people worry about keeping fit 100 years ago?
A. They could use power tools in their daily work. B. They led a leisurely life and had no pressure of work. C. They did enough physical labor in their work and life. D. They could not get enough food to make themselves obese.
答案 C｜题型：细节·原因｜定位：¶1 “using muscles, not power tools… staying in shape just wasn't an issue”｜陷阱：因为体力劳动足够多
107. What does the phrase “Working out” mean according to the passage? (Last Line, Para. 1)
A. Developing in a successful way. B. Keeping fit by physical exercise. C. Calculating something precisely. D. Understanding somebody's character.
答案 B｜题型：词义（画线短语）｜定位：¶1 “Working out? Never heard of it”｜陷阱：在健身语境下＝锻炼身体
108. What kind of issue have health professionals focused on in the past decade?
A. They have always reminded us to keep fit in our daily life. B. They have only paid attention to how much people take in. C. They have misunderstood the old energy-balance equation. D. They have emphasized the importance of consuming calories.
答案 B｜题型：细节｜定位：¶2 “focused on the intake side of the equation”｜陷阱：过去十年只关注“摄入端”
109. According to the WHO, what is to blame for 1.9 million deaths every year?
A. That people seldom exercise. B. That people eat too much food. C. That people smoke too much. D. That people have different kinds of cancers.
答案 A｜题型：细节·原因｜定位：¶4 “physical inactivity is responsible for 1.9 million deaths”｜陷阱：缺乏运动是元凶
110. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. To keep fit, people should do enough physical labor every day. B. To keep fit, people should take in plenty of nutritious food. C. To keep fit, people should stick to the energy-balance equation. D. To keep fit, people should lead a 100-year-ago lifestyle.
答案 C｜题型：主旨｜定位：¶2 “calories in should equal calories out”＋全文｜陷阱：主旨＝坚持能量平衡（摄入＝消耗）
篇三｜一得阁墨汁：从研墨到即用（111–115）
原文 / 译文
¶1
The use of ink in China has been documented by ancient historians since the period before the Qin Dynasty, when ink pills made from lacquer and pine soot emerged. They then evolved into ink sticks that came into widespread use in calligraphy and painting. Yet proper use of those ink sticks required grinding on an inkstone, a practice that has been carried on for thousands of years, until Xie Songdai from the Qing Dynasty arrived on the scene.
译｜ 自秦代以前，中国墨的使用就见于古代史家记载，当时出现了用漆和松烟制成的墨丸。墨丸后来演变为墨锭，广泛用于书法与绘画。但墨锭要正常使用，需在砚台上研磨——这一做法延续数千年，直到清代谢崧岱出现。
¶2
Xie felt the inconvenience of grinding ink while taking the imperial examinations, so he began exploring ways to produce ready-to-use ink liquid. After numerous trials and errors in Beijing, he finally developed ink liquid in 1865, which could rival traditional ink sticks for effectiveness. This invention changed the age-old practice of grinding ink sticks before writing. Xie then promoted it at imperial examination venues, where it was warmly received by the test takers. This success led him to establish Yidege. Since then, the ink liquid has stood the test of time and become an indispensable part of the desks of traditional Chinese calligraphers and painters.
译｜ 谢崧岱深感科举考试时研墨不便，便开始探索制作即用墨汁的方法。在北京历经无数次试验与失败，他终于在 1865 年研制出墨汁，效果可与传统墨锭媲美。这项发明改变了书写前研墨的古老习惯。谢崧岱随后在科举考场推广，深受考生欢迎。这一成功促使他创办一得阁。此后，墨汁经受住时间考验，成为中国书画家案头不可或缺之物。
¶3
Wei Guangyao has worked his way up to be the fourth generation of Yidege inheritors after joining the time-honored brand more than twenty years ago. “We have consistently adhered to traditional methods and strict quality standards, which means that many steps cannot be replaced by machines to this day,” says Wei. Tasks such as ingredient mixing, glue and ink paste preparation must be taught by master craftsmen through hands-on instructions.
译｜ 魏光耀在二十多年前加入这个老字号，一步步成为一得阁第四代传人。“我们始终坚持传统工艺和严格质量标准，这意味着许多工序至今无法用机器替代，”魏说。配料混合、制胶、调墨膏等工序，必须由老师傅手把手传授。
¶4
The quality of the soot directly affects the quality of the ink. However, in modern times, due to considerations of cost and environmental impact, most ink manufacturers have replaced natural carbon black with industrial carbon black, which still produces consistent results. Nowadays, Yidege has been committed to both preserving tradition and driving innovation, enhancing the product lines and focusing on developing student stationery products.
译｜ 烟料质量直接影响墨的质量。然而到了现代，出于成本与环保考虑，多数制墨厂用工业炭黑替代天然炭黑，效果依然稳定。如今，一得阁既致力于守正，也致力于创新，丰富产品线，重点开发学生文具产品。
题目与答案
111. What characterized the form of Chinese ink documented before the Qin Dynasty?
A. It was primarily used for imperial examinations. B. It required industrial carbon black for production. C. It existed as solid pills made from lacquer and pine soot. D. It evolved directly into machine-manufactured ink liquid.
答案 C｜题型：细节｜定位：¶1 “ink pills made from lacquer and pine soot”｜陷阱：秦前是“墨丸”，不是墨锭
112. Why did Xie Songdai develop ink liquid?
A. To replace the ineffective ink sticks used in imperial examinations. B. To address the inconvenience of grinding ink during examinations. C. To protect the traditional ink stones that have become extremely rare. D. To create cheaper alternatives for student stationery.
答案 B｜题型：细节·原因｜定位：¶2 “felt the inconvenience of grinding ink… imperial examinations”｜陷阱：动因是考场研墨不便
113. What was the significance of Xie Songdai's 1865 invention?
A. It led to the collapse of the traditional calligraphy tools market. B. It was immediately adopted by all Qing Dynasty painters. C. It partially replaced ink sticks after centuries of grinding practice. D. It received government endorsement for imperial examinations.
答案 C｜题型：细节·意义｜定位：¶2 “changed the age-old practice of grinding ink sticks”｜陷阱：意义是改变研墨习惯；B 的 all 绝对化
114. How does Yidege maintain traditional production standards?
A. By exclusively using industrial carbon black since 1865. B. Through automated manufacturing of ink paste preparation. C. Relying on machine replacement for quality-control steps. D. Requiring hands-on training from masters for key processes.
答案 D｜题型：细节｜定位：¶3 “cannot be replaced by machines… hands-on instructions”｜陷阱：靠手工、师传保持传统
115. What distinguishes Yidege from most modern ink manufacturers?
A. Its exclusive focus on professional artists' materials. B. The complete replacement of natural materials with industrial alternatives. C. Maintaining traditional methods despite economic and environmental pressures. D. Abandoning natural carbon black for superior results.
答案 C｜题型：细节·对比｜定位：¶4 “most ink manufacturers have replaced natural carbon black…”｜陷阱：区别在“守传统”
篇四｜基因与投资行为（116–120）
原文 / 译文
¶1
Economists work on the assumption that people act rationally. If only life were that simple. Investors certainly don't always act as they should. Among other unwise acts, they trade too much, do not diversify their portfolios enough and are reluctant to discard underperforming stocks. They may have been born to behave that way.
译｜ 经济学家假定人们理性行事。要是生活真那么简单就好了。投资者当然并不总是按应该的方式行事。除其他不明智之举外，他们交易过于频繁、投资组合不够分散，还不愿抛掉表现不佳的股票。他们可能天生就会那样做。
¶2
A recent study into investment behavior by Stephan Siegel of Arizona State University's WP Carey School of Business, and Henrik Cronqvist of Claremont McKenna College, illuminates the role that genes play in determining investment decisions. The authors examine the investment behavior of 15,208 pairs of Swedish twins, using data from the country's twin registry and its tax authority, which until 2007 kept comprehensive records on every financial transaction. Controlling for various factors, they find that identical twins, who share all their genes, were more similar in their investing behavior than fraternal twins, who share about half their genes.
译｜ 亚利桑那州立大学 WP Carey 商学院斯蒂芬·西格尔与克莱蒙特·麦肯纳学院的亨里克·克朗奎斯特近期一项关于投资行为的研究，揭示了基因在决定投资决策中的作用。作者考察了 15,208 对瑞典双胞胎的投资行为，使用该国双胞胎登记处和税务机关的数据——后者直到 2007 年都完整记录每一笔金融交易。在控制各种因素后，他们发现：共享全部基因的同卵双胞胎，投资行为比共享约一半基因的异卵双胞胎更相似。
¶3
The authors calculate that genetic factors account for between a quarter and half of the variations in irrational investment behavior between individuals. These factors are at work across more dimensions than just investing. Twins who showed a bias towards buying familiar shares rather than unknown ones, for example, also showed a preference for living closer to their place of birth and for marrying a spouse from the same region. Investors with large portfolios were particularly susceptible to genetic influences.
译｜ 作者计算，基因因素解释了个人之间非理性投资行为差异的四分之一到一半。这些因素起作用的范围不止投资。例如，表现出“偏好买熟悉股票而非陌生股票”的双胞胎，也倾向于住得离出生地更近、与同地区的人结婚。投资组合规模大的投资者尤其易受基因影响。
¶4
If genes explain up to a half of the variations in investment behavior, what governs the rest? The authors also calculated the impact of shared environmental influences on the twins as well as the effect of experiences unique to one half of a twin pair. Common childhood experiences like schooling were found to have almost no influence on investment behavior. But individual experiences explain half of the variations between twin pairs — as much as, and often more than, genes.
译｜ 如果基因最多解释投资行为差异的一半，那另一半由什么决定？作者还计算了共享环境对双胞胎的影响，以及每对双胞胎中一方独有的经历的影响。上学等共同童年经历对投资行为几乎没有影响；但个体经历解释了双胞胎之间差异的一半——与基因相当，且常常更多。
¶5
The study has its limitations. It looks at data from only one country during a limited period of time, for example. But it suggests that attempts to persuade people to invest rationally have some big inborn biases to overcome.
译｜ 这项研究有其局限，例如只考察了一个国家、一个有限时期的数据。但它表明，试图说服人们理性投资，需要克服一些巨大的先天偏见。
题目与答案
116. How do economists think about investors?
A. They do lots of stupid things. B. They trade as much as they can. C. They are reluctant to change. D. They always make the right decisions.
答案 D｜题型：细节·观点｜定位：¶1 “Economists work on the assumption that people act rationally”｜陷阱：经济学家假设投资者“总是做理性正确决策”
117. How did the authors do the research?
A. They looked at the data from Switzerland. B. They checked all the behaviors of the twins. C. They examined the investment behavior of twins. D. They investigated less than 2,000 pairs of twins.
答案 C｜题型：细节·方法｜定位：¶2 “examine the investment behavior of 15,208 pairs of Swedish twins”｜陷阱：A 的 Switzerland 错，D 的数量不符
118. What role do the genetic factors play in irrational investment?
A. They account for 50% of the variations at most. B. They barely have any influence on twins. C. They make twins buy similar shares. D. They affect investing in different ways.
答案 A｜题型：细节·数字｜定位：¶3 “between a quarter and half”｜陷阱：基因最多占 50%
119. What can explain the variations in investment behavior except genes?
A. Environmental influences. B. Schooling experiences. C. Childhood memories. D. Individual experiences.
答案 D｜题型：细节·判断｜定位：¶4 “individual experiences explain half of the variations”｜陷阱：除基因外，个体经历解释另一半
120. What does the author of this article think of the study?
A. Its limitations can be overlooked. B. The results of it are quite convincing. C. Tells us biases influence investing. D. The data it uses cannot be trusted.
答案 B｜题型：态度·评价｜定位：¶5 “has its limitations… But it suggests”｜陷阱：作者认为研究有说服力（but 后是重点）